Articles
Anderson A, Douglass T, Hobson-West P. Researching childhood vaccine hesitancy in the wake of COVID-19. Vaccine: X, 2024,16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100450.
Augusto, F. Guerreiro, C. Mendonça, J. Morais, R. Beja, A. Correia, T. Hilário, A.P. (2025) Addressing vaccine hesitancy in the training of healthcare professionals: insights from the VAX-TRUST project. Public Health in Practice. Doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100569
Augusto, F. R. Hilário, A.P. Mendonça, J. (2025) More than meets the eye: the materialities of care at the vaccination encounter in Portugal. Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness & Medicine. Doi: 10.1177/13634593241313432
Betsch C, Schmid P, Verger P, Lewandowsky S, Soveri A, Hertwig R, Fasce A, Holford D, De Raeve P, Gagneur A, Vuolanto P, Correia T, Tavoschi L, Declich S, Marceca M, Linos A, Karnaki P, Karlsson L, Garrison A. A call for immediate action to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake to prepare for the third pandemic winter. Nat Commun. 2022 Dec 6;13(1):7511. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34995-y. PMID: 36473855; PMCID: PMC9726862.
Cardano M, Numerato D, Gariglio L, Hasmanová Marhánková J, Scavarda A, Bracke P, Hilàrio AP, Polak P. A team ethnography on vaccine hesitancy in Europe. A case study of a local truth construction, in ”Rassegna Italiana di Sociologia, Rivista trimestrale fondata da Camillo Pellizzi” 4/2023, pp. 615-642, doi: 10.1423/112399
Cardano, M., (2025). An international rapid team ethnography on vaccine hesitancy. In Sage Research Methods: Data and Research Literacy. SAGE Publications, Ltd., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781036221805
Delaruelle, K., Lermytte, E., Bockstal, M., Vuolanto, P., & Bracke, P. (2025). Unraveling COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Europeans 50 and older through a lens of preventive practices. Vaccine, 43, 126485.
Ferrara Maria, Elisa Langiano, Maurizio Esposito, Giuseppina Lo Moro, Rosalia Lombardi, Pia Vuolanto and Elisabetta De Vito, Key factors in complex public health interventions to address vaccine hesitancy using a multidisciplinary approach: the VAX-TRUST project, Health Education Research, 2024, 39, 487–494 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyae027
Hasmanová Marhánková, J., Kotherová, Z., & Numerato, D. (2024). Navigating vaccine hesitancy: Strategies and dynamics in healthcare professional-parent communication. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 20(1), 2361943. DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2361943
Hasmanová Marhánková, J. (2025). Parental decision-making regarding vaccination: The role of preschool enrolment sanctions, family policies and childcare expectation. European Societies. DOI: 10.1162/euso_a_00029
Hilário AP, Mendonça J. Graphic medicine and its role to communicate research findings and create effective interventions with health care professionals. The European Sociologist, 2023, 49.
Hilário AP, Scavarda A, Numerato D, Mendonça J, Cardano M, Marhankova J, Gariglio L, Vuolanto P, Anderson A, Auvinen P, Bracke P, Douglass T, Hobson-West P, Lermytte E, Polak P, Rudek T. Recruiting a Hard-to-Reach, Hidden and Vulnerable Population: The Methodological and Practical Pitfalls of Researching Vaccine-Hesitant Parents. Qual Health Res. 2023 Sep 6:10497323231196439. doi: 10.1177/10497323231196439. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37671951.
Hilário, A.P. Augusto, F. R. Bracke, P. Cardano, M. Esposito, M. Numerato, D. Polak, P. (2025) Notes on the intersection between sociology and public health: A reflection triggered by the VAX-TRUST project final round table. Sociological Research Online. Doi: 10.1177/136078042513288
Kotherová, Z., Hasmanová Marhánková, J., & Numerato, D. (2024). (Ne) důvěra v očkování v ČR pohledem zdravotníků a váhavých rodičů. Vox Pediatriae, 24(2): 11-17
Kotherová, Z., Premat, Ch. (2025). Primary Care as Determinant of COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccine Uptake. Health Economics, Policy and Law. DOI: 10.1017/S1744133125100108
Kuusipalo A, Nurmi J, Järvinen KM, Vuolanto P. (2024) Trust and the public vaccine debate in Finland before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Borin L, Hammarlin MM, Kokkinakis D, Miegel F. (eds.) Vaccine hesitancy in the Nordic countries. Trust and Distrust During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Routledge, UK, 109-124.
Lermytte, E., Bracke, P., & Ceuterick, M. (2024). Healthcare Professionals’ Discursive Constructions of Parental Vaccine Hesitancy: A Tale of Multiple Moralities. Qualitative Health Research, 34(14), 1384-1397.
Lermytte, E., Paredis, M., Hobson-West, P., Bracke, P., & Ceuterick, M. (2024). Risk, emotion and responsibility: an analysis of the storylines used by vaccine hesitant mothers. Health, Risk & Society, 26(7-8), 368-387.
Lermytte, E., Scavarda, A., Hilário, A. P., Gariglio, L., Mendonça, J., & Ceuterick, M. (2025). Pain by proxy: An ethnographic study on the relational co-construction of the agency of young children in healthcare encounters. Social Science & Medicine, 373, 118045.
Lombardi Lia, Alessandra Sannella, Sara Sbaragli, Maurizio Esposito, Sociological theory and intervention in Public Health. A study on vaccine hesitancy, Sicurezza e Scienze sociali, 1, 2025 (in press).
Lo Moro G, Ferrara M, Langiano E, Accortanzo D, Cappelletti T, De Angelis A, Esposito M, Prinzivalli A, Sannella A, Sbaragli S, Vuolanto P, Siliquini R, De Vito E. Countering vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review of interventions to strengthen healthcare professionals’ action. Eur J Public Health. 2023 Aug 15:ckad134. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad134. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37581903.
Mendonça J, Hilário AP. Healthism vis-à-vis Vaccine Hesitancy: Insights from Parents Who Either Delay or Refuse Children’s Vaccination in Portugal. Societies 2023, 13, 184.
Mendonça J, Hilário AP. Touching the cornerstone: An illustrative example of the effects of stigma and discrimination on vaccine-hesitant parents. Public Health in Practice, Volume 6, December 2023, 100438.
Nurmi J, Vuolanto P, Järvinen K-M. (2023). Sairaanhoitajien, terveydenhoitajien ja kätilöiden suhtautuminen rokotteisiin. Sosiaalilääketieteellinen Aikakauslehti, 60(1).
Scavarda, A., Cardano, M., & Gariglio, L. (2025). Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy as an Interaction‐Based Phenomenon. Sociology of Health & Illness, 47(4), e70036.
Vuolanto et al. Trust matters: The Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy in Europe Study. Scand J Public Health. 2024 Feb 12:14034948231223791. doi: 10.1177/14034948231223791.
Vuolanto P, Nurmi J. (2022). Tasapainoilua kiistanalaisten terveysilmiöiden tutkimuksessa vaikuttavan tutkimuksen aikakaudella. Kulttuurintutkimus, 39(4), 3–18.
Project Deliverables
Highlighted Deliverables
Materials for Healthcare Professionals
Belgium
Materials by Ghent University (UGent):
- Course on vaccine hesitancy: Vax-Trust e-learning. Cursus Vaccinatietwijfel: Vax-Trust e-learning [online resource, in Flemish]
Reusable Learning Object, RLO, available upon registration by e-mail
Czech Republic
Materials by Charles University:
- Vaccine hesitancy. Váhavý přístup k očkování. [Brochure, in Czech].
Finland
Materials by Tampere University:
- Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy in Europe. Rokote-epäröinnin kohtaaminen Euroopassa [Podcast, in Finnish]
Italy
Materials by University of Torino (UNITO):
- The vaccination challenge: enhancing the reflexivity of health professionals on vaccination hesitancy. Discussion on three cases. La sfida vaccinale: potenziare la riflessività dei professionisti sanitari sull’esitazione vaccinale. Discussione individuale di casi critici. [Document for coursework / exam or self-reflection purposes, in Italian]
Poland
Materials by Jagiellonian University:
- Health intervention on childhood vaccination hesitancy. Interwencja w zakresie ochrony zdrowia – dotycząca wahania wobec szczepień dziecięcych. [online resourse including readings, podcast and game, in Polish]
Portugal
Materials by Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa (ICS-ULisboa):
- Implementation of a family centred model of vaccination. Implementação de um modelo de vacinação centrado na família. [Brochure, in Portuguese]
- Implementation of a family centred model of vaccination. Implementação de um modelo de vacinação centrado na família. [Handbook, in Portuguese]
- When vaccination hesitancy knocks on the door. Quando a hesitação vacinal bate à porta. [Pocket Book, in Portuguese]
United Kingdom
Materials by University of Nottingham, UK (UNOTT):
- Exploring Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy: A Resource for Healthcare Professionals [online resource, in English].
Reusable Learning Object, RLO. Completion will generate a certificate of attendance.
FUNDING
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 965280.
